type 2 condition ( definition, function and formulas )

 TYPE 2 CONDITIONAL

Definition of Conditional Sentence Type 2

Type 2 conditional sentence or second conditional is a conditional sentence that is used when the result / consequence (result) of the condition has no or only a small chance of being realized because the condition cannot be fulfilled in the present (present unreal situation) or condition- it is difficult to happen in the future.

In type 2 conditional sentences, the tense in the if clause is the simple past and the tense in the main clause is the present conditional or present continuous conditional.

Klausa if (kondisi)	Klausa utama (hasil/akibat)
If + simple past	present continuous conditional
If this thing happened	that thing would be happening

As in all conditional sentences, the order of the clauses is not fixed. You may have to adjust pronouns and punctuation marks when changing clause order, but the meaning is the same.

EXAMPLE :

• If it rained, you would get wet.
• You would get wet if it rained.
• If you went to bed earlier you wouldn't be so tired.
• You wouldn't be so tired if you went to bed earlier.
• If she fell, she would hurt herself.
• She would hurt herself if she fell.

Function

Type 2 conditionals refer to the unlikely conditions or presuppositions and their possible outcomes. These sentences are not based on real situations. In type 2 conditional sentences, the time is now or whenever and the situation is not real or presumed.

EXAMPLE :

• If the weather wasn't so bad, we would go to the park. 
• If I was the Queen of England, I would give everyone a chicken. 
• If you really loved me, you would buy me a diamond ring.
• If I knew where she lived, I would go and see her.

Formulas for Conditional Sentence Type 2

The conditional clause (if + condition) uses the simple past tense, while the main clause (result) section uses the modal verb and the bare infinitive (the infinitive without to)

complex sentence
subordinate clause (if + condition)	main clause (result/consequence)
if + simple past	would/could/might + bare infinitive

If-clause can be at the beginning or middle of a sentence. When if-clause takes place at the beginning of the sentence, a comma is placed before the main clause. If… not can be replaced by unless.

Were Replacing Was

In type 2 conditional sentences, were is used in place of was even though it uses a singular subject (single subject: 3rd person pronoun (she, he, it) or noun). This is to show that the supposition is really just a delusion because the conditions are unlikely to be met (present unreal situation).

complex sentence
subordinate clause (if + condition)	main clause (result/consequence)
if + S + were	would/could/might + bare infinitive

The use of "if I were" instead of "if I was" (subjunctive mood) is correct and very common.

EXAMPLE:

• If I were taller, I would buy this dress.
• If I were 20, I would travel the world.
• If I were you, I would give up smoking.
• If I were a plant, I would love the rain.

In type 2 conditional sentences, you can also use modal in the main clause instead of would to state the degree of certainty, permission, or recommendation regarding the outcome or outcome.

 

EXAMPLE ;

• We might buy a larger house if we had more money
• He could go to the concert if you gave him your ticket.
• If he called me, I couldn't hear.

Present conditional tense

The present conditional of any verb consists of two elements:

would + the infinitive of the main verb without to

Subjek	+ would	+ infinitive
He	would	go
They	would	stay

To Go: present conditional

Positif	Negatif	Pertanyaan	Pertanyaan Negatif
I would go	I wouldn't go	Would I go?	Wouldn't I go?
You would go	You wouldn't go	Would you go?	Wouldn't you go?
He would go	He wouldn't go	Would he go?	Wouldn't he go?
She would go	She wouldn't go	Would she go?	Wouldn't she go?
We would go	We wouldn't go	Would we go?	Wouldn't we go?
They would go	They wouldn't go	Would they go?	Wouldn't they go?