Cause & effect

Definition

A cause and effect essay explains the reason behind something happening. When you write a cause and effect essay, make sure to explain the reason or cause for what is happening. Then explain what happens as a result or effect of these causes.

The Purpose of Cause and Effect in Writing

A cause is something that produces an event or condition; an effect is what results from an event or condition. The purpose of the cause-and-effect essay is to determine how various phenomena relate in terms of origins and results.

Examples of Cause and Effect

An example of a cause and effect essay is an essay on pollution. For this topic, you could use the following points:
Causes: loss of tress, more number of cars on the road
Effects: increased levels of air pollution, negative impact on health of animals and humans.

The cause and effect paragraph has the following generic structure or structure:

• Have a main idea on the topic of the sentence that will be discussed in the paragraph.

• Have supporting details or supporting sentences in the form of causes.

• End with a conclusion sentence or conclusion in the form of result.

Language Form

The cause and effect paragraph has the following style.

• Using tenses that are dependent on the context of the time in a sentence, in other words, can be the past tense, present tense, or future tense.

• Many use verbs or verbs in active and passive sentences.

• Using transitions such as due to, because, consequently, as a result, and causes.

• Using third person point of view.

You can usually easily identify a sentence that contains a cause-and-effect relationship if it contains words or phrases such as:

Due to
Because of
Owing to
Thanks to
As a consequence of
As a result of
Because
Since
As
For
etc.

To express cause and effect in English, the above sentence or phrase will usually be followed by a noun or verb.

A cause-and-effect sentence followed by a noun

A cause and effect word followed by a noun or noun phrase usually uses a word or phrase (signal word / phase) such as:

Because of
Thanks to
As a result of
Due to
As a consequence of
Owing to

In the next example the noun or noun phrase will be underlined. Cause or cause is always written after the cause-and-effect phrase (signal word / phase) as in the example above. Below are common patterns:

Signal word/phrase	+	Cause	+	Effect
atau
Effect	+	Signal word/phrase	+	Cause

Example:

1. Due to Bella’s nervousness, she did not pass the driving test.

Karena kegugupan Bella, dia tidak lulus ujian menyetir.

Signal phrase: due to
Cause: Bella’s nervousness
Effect: She did not pass the driving test

2. He’s always late because of his gaming habits

Dia selalu telat karena kebiasaan bermain game-nya.

Signal phrase: Because of
Cause: His gaming habits
Effect : He’s always late

3. As a result of the rain, we canceled the outing.

Karena hujan, kita membatalkan pikinik itu.

Signal phrase: As a result of
Cause: the rain
Effect : we canceled the outing

4. Dennis could not sing owing to his sore throat

Dennis tidak bisa bernyanyi karena sakit tenggorakanya

Signal phrase: owing to
Cause: his sore throat
Effect : Dennis could not sing

5. She was dismissed as a consequence of her ignorance

Dia diberhentikan karena ketidaktahuanya.

Signal phrase: as a consequence of
Cause: her ignorance
Effect : She was dismissed

Causal sentence followed by a verb

Causal words followed by a subject + verb or verb phrase usually use a word or phrase (signal word / phase) such as:

Because
Since
As
For

In the next example the subject + verb or verb phrase will be underlined. Cause or cause is always written after the cause-and-effect phrase (signal word / phase) as in the example above. Below are common patterns:

Signal word/phrase	+	Cause	+	Effect
atau
Effect	+	Signal word/phrase	+	Cause

Contoh:

1. Because Bella was nervous, she did not pass the driving test

Karena Bella gugup, dia tidak lulus ujian tes mengemudi.

Signal phrase: because
Cause: Bella was nervous
Effect: She did not pass the driving test

2. He’s always late because he always stay up at night

Dia selalu telat karena dia selalu begadang

Signal phrase: Because
Cause: he always stay up at night
Effect : He’s always late

3. The outing was canceled since it’s raining

Piknik itu dibatalkan karena hujan.

Signal phrase: since
Cause: it’s raining
Effect : the outing was canceled

4. Dennis could not sing for his throat is sore

Dennis tidak bisa bernyanyi karena sakit tenggorakanya

Signal phrase: for
Cause: his throat is sore
Effect : Dennis could not sing

5. She was dismissed as a consequence of her ignorance

Dia diberhentikan karena ketidaktahuanya.

Signal phrase: as a consequence of
Cause: her ignorance
Effect : She was dismissed

Vidio materi :

Text dialog:

Vina: Hey Raka! Have you known Icha and Malik?

Raka: Yes, I have. Did you at the same junior high school with them ? They were from the same elementary school with us.

Vina: Yes, we did. We usually play together after school. But now, I am not together with them again because Icha moved to Bali and malik moved to Bandung.